Method of heating oil



April 20 192.6.

1,581,896 F. E. WELLMAN METHOD OF HEATING OIL 2 Sneets sheet 1 Original Filed Dem 3.5, 1921 A ril 20,1926. 1,581,896 F. E. *WELLMAN METHOD OF HEATIfIG OIL Or'ginial Filed Dec. 15. 1921 2 Sheet -Sh eet 2 1 J 1 AZ.

16 heating u be destructive 26 non-heated beds, with particular Puiented Apr. 20, 1926.

UNITED" smrss PATENT orsics.

FRANK E. W'ELLMAN, OF KANSAS GASOLINE COMPANY, OF KANSAS GI'lY, KANSAS, A CORPORATIQN 0E KANSAEL HETHQD OF HEATING OIL.

llziginal application filed lDecember l5, 1921, Serial No. 523,062. Divided and this application filed I January 30, 3.822,'fier1a1 No. 532,873. Renewed February 12, 1926. i

' To all whom it may concern.

' Be ,it known that I, FRANK E. Wnmmsn, States of America,

residing at Kansas City in the county of a Wyandotte and stste ot Kansas, have invented a certain new and useful ment in Methods of Heating Oil, the followin is e specification, reference being had tierin to the accompanying drawing. 1

My invention Improveof which relates tov the treatment of of heating oil stills and retorts; It has for its object to y of oil to cracking temperature and maintaining said. temperature with out injurious effects of locel'overhesting of 4 the shell of the container from constant im pingement of beet atone point, and without precipitation and burning on of carbon deposits. I attain this porting the container with its and applying the heat to said sides at constantly changing points. while maintaining a section to receive the precipitated carbon, preferably from the bottom of the container to e point a predetermined distance above the some.

I shall describe herein apparatus for prac- 3o ticing the method by rotating :1 burner or so ing with the burner.

found successful in jet around a cylindrical still set with its axis substantially vertical, while Inuintainin a non-heated section at the bottom thereof by means of a. mechanical shield or shelf rotat- However the appuratus for practicing the method may be varied by those skilled in the art Without departing from the spirit of the invention? the gist of which-lies in applying heat at 4 constantly clmn ing points while maintain mg a nonlleute toted carbon.

One form of apparatus 101 invention is illustrated in drawings in which:

Fig. l is e vertical central section, diugreinmatic in character, of a cylindrical still With rotating burner. i

' similar section of an apparatus practice, with rotating sectionto receive precipipracticing my burner and shelf.

ig. 3 is a horizontal section line 3-3 of Fig;

of the arrows.

taken on the reference to methods Cprovide an eliicient method of object by supsides vertical,

the accompanying 2, looking in the direction its upper Fig. 4 is a detail view in vertical section ofthe head of a still fitted with an i mlicat or.

Referring to cetes astill of by lugs 1 l in a lurnace 2, having a stac 2 at the top, a space 2* at the bottom beneath the still, and an annular chamber 2 between its walls and the/sides has a. charging and drawolf line as 1", a vapor line as 1, the former extending nearly to the bottom 1, and the latter terminating within the to or crown l". The still is charged with oil to the level shown. The bottom 1 is-insuleted with an overlap of the insulation on the sides, as indicstedot 1', dimensions of course being variable according-to conditions. Beneath the still, in the space 2*, a rotating burner 3 is located. This eround tile body of the still 1, the intensity and distribution ofsthe heat being deterrate of combustion of the fuel of rotation of the burner.

Figs. 2 and 3, the still .1 is hung as before by lugs (not shown) in the furnace 2 so as to leave an 2 provided with stock opening 2 at the top. In this (31MB 1' is the draw-oil line, 1 the charging line, and 1 the vapor line. At the bottom of space 2 and the speed Referring to vided, (best shown in Fig. 3,) support by ar ns 8"-8- on a sleeve 8 having xed-tbereto a bevel gear 8 driven by inion 8 on shaft 3 leading to motor driv before by 3". The fuel is oil led in through pipe 4, and with it is supplied steam through pipe 5, these two pipes terminting at a 001m carried by noon spray nozzle or burnen f'a the shelf 8", which has a, set of draft openings 8 (see Fig. 3) to supply air for combustion. To permit rotation of the burner,; pipe 4 has evertical central fixed section fitted at its upper end with a swivel joint 4:" for the rotary section 4 leading to the burner 3'; while pipe 5 lies '0. vertical jacket section 5 surrounding pipe it end fitted at end within swivel joint 5" for in continuous helical Waves a rotating shelf 8* ismpro-f CX'TY, KANSAS, ASSIGNOR TO THE KANSAS CITY I Fig. 1; the numeral 1 indiusual cylindrical body, hung of the still. The still annular fine space l indicated as is" rotating cap 5 having a stufingbox around ipe 4, and carrying the rotating pipe 5 eading to the burner 3". The operation is essentially the same as in the apparatus of Fig. 1. he flames and heated gases are confined to the space above the shelf 8", and air for combustion is supplied through space 2 beneath the same. The fuel oil is somewhat preheated by the steam in jacket 5', which is an incidental advantage.

In Figure 4 I have shown a gau e glass attached to the head of the still to s ow the liquid level. This is typical only, as in practice a convenient form of indicator is a float rising and falling on the oil and an indiconnection from the float to the'arm throu cator arm outside the still, with an operatigfi a stufiing box. Other forms of indica r may .be employed without departurefrom the invention.

The reason for determining the liquid level with certainty is that this system of heating is intended to enable two contents or more to be pumped in and treated in one run. After such a run, in which thereis drawn 0!? through=the condenser more than the ori inal charge the interior of the still is found to bear 0 y a thin coat of carbon, approximately the thickness of a coat of amt, which scrapes off very easily. a is is due not 0111 to uniform distribution of the heat overt e still body, but to the direct ap lication of the naked flame u on the cy index; of the still at constantly c gauging oints. The vertical osition of .the stil ends itself to this of application, as naturally the carbbnlprecip'itates from its perpendicular sides.

It will be observed that the arran ement of the burner 3 and the shelf 8 in igs. 2 and 3, enables regulation of the amount of air supplied for carburization of the fuel, and also provides a ve convenient means of supporting a target fbr the oil burner to play over.

It is also to be observed that the 5 urea in the drawing are dis ammatic o and that many necessary etails of constructionare omitted for simplicity. Thus in Figure 1 no manhole is shown'in the container 1, but it is understood that a manhole or manholes are supplied in practice at points convenient for removing the accumulation of carbon from the bottom of the container and for other purposes. Also, in Figure 4, no supply, draw-off, or other pi e line connections are showh, but it is un erstood that in practice these are supplied of suitable design and at suitable points. Both manhole and pipeline connections are indicated in Figure 2, and itis understood that allknown devices, such as draw ofl or tar cocks or othermeans for removing, trappin and handling residuum, means'for re u ating the air supply to the burner 3 by osure of openthe still apart from the heatin ings 8 or by closure of furnace opening 2, target means for the flame of the burner to play against, and the like, as well as any desired mode of connecting and operating are contemplated by me and are suppose to be used as ood practice requires. I I

n practice, with this method of heating, I have found, a very thin coating of carbon adheres to the sides of the still, and that with skilful firing this coating is so thin and so loose it can almost be wiped oil with a cloth. I believe therefore, that the limit of operating time maybe set,' not as heretofore by the amount of carbon onthe sides of the still, but by the nature of the still hottoms; in other words, it 18 possible with this method 'to run as long as \the residuum is of a commercial nature. The still bottoms eventually reach a point of almost no value, if reduced too far, becoming almost like liquid carbon, but by applying my heat as herein described I am enabled to stop just before this point is reached, without risk, since the safety of still'and contents is assured, in any event. With previous methods of heatin this could not' be done, because of the ris of sudden precipitation in quantity and burning on of carbon with resultant destruction of the still bottom.

' This application is a division of my prior co-pending application, Serial 523,062, filed Dec. 15, 1921.

lVhat I claim is:

1. The method of cracking en withput precipitated carbon, which consists in sup porting said-still or retort with its sides vertical, applying heat to said vertical sides in rotary progression at constantly changing points, and maintaining a non-heated secllOIl to receive precipitated carbon, by mechanically shielding the bottom of the still up to a predetermined point.

3. The method of preventing the burning on of carbon in the treatment of oil in a cylindrical still or retort which consists in sup orting the still with its axis substantial y vertical, heating the vertical sides in rotary progression at constantly changing p ints, and maintaining a non-heated section to receive precipitated carbon at the bottom end of the cylinder and'fora predetermined distance above the same.

4. The method of heating an oil still or retort to avoid the burning on of precipias hertoforc stated, that only which consists-in tated carbon which consists in applying heat directly to different points on the shell of the still in altcrnatin and periodic increments or waves, out o the zone, of direct deposition of carbon.

5-. The method of heating a vertical oil still which consists in rotating a source of heataround the vertical walls thereof at such regulated intensi-ty and speed as to successively and periodically heat all portions of said walls to maintain cumulative, cracking temperature .without burning at any point.

6. The method of heating a vertical oil still which consists in relating a concen.

trated high intensity flame to the vertical walls of the still so as to communicate heat directly thereto, and then producing relative movement of the still walls and the heat source so-asto cause progressive and periodio heating at constantly changing points.

7.The process of conveying heat energy through a container to a confined body of oil from a source of energy having a temperature destructive to the container without burning the container or burning on carhon, which consists in causing the source toact directly in constantly recurring cycles on successively recurring vertical areas of the container during successive periods. of time each less than the period required for destructive action.

8. The method of heating a body by the use of a high intensity source applied theretp which consists in rotating the source eont-lnuously with respect to the body and regulating the speed of rotation proportionally to the intensity of the-source, so that the sum of the successive increments of energy imparted to an one area of the body in a given time will be less than that required for destructive actionin that time.

ture.

FRANK$ 'WELLMAN.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signa 

